PHAN CHAU TRINH UNIVERSITY
PHAN CHAU TRINH UNIVERSITY

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standard anatomical position describes the relation of body parts to one another as a person is standing with the body erect, the arms at the side, and the face and palms directed forward.

Standard position terms

Right/left

  • Refer to the right and left of the patient. 
  • Sometimes dexter and sinister are used instead of right and left, respectively (e.g., oculus dexter, oculus sinister).
Anterior
  • Front of the body
Posterior
  • Back of the body
Ventral
  • Front of the embryo before limb rotation 
  • In humans, corresponds to anterior 
Dorsal
  • Back of the embryo before limb rotation 
  • In humans, corresponds to posterior 
Superior (position)
  • Above the reference point 
Inferior (position)
  • Below the reference point. 
Cranial
Caudal
Proximal
  • Towards the reference point or body trunk 
Distal
  • Away from the reference point or body trunk
Superficial
  • Towards the surface of the body 
Deep
  • Away from the surface of the body 
Medial
  • Towards the midline 
Lateral
  • Away from the midline 
Prone
  • Horizontal positioning in which the anterior surface faces downwards
Supine
  • Horizontal positioning in which the anterior surface faces upwards